the dream that math is just logic wearing a fancier hat.
means a philosophical program claiming all mathematical truths can be derived from pure logic alone, no extra axioms needed.
from launched by frege in the 1880s, who tried to build arithmetic from logical definitions in his begriffsschrift and grundgesetze, then russell and whitehead pushed it further in principia mathematica, spending 762 pages to prove 1+1=2.
frege's begriffsschrift — 1879 invented modern logical notation to launch the project
russell's paradox — 1901 letter to frege that shattered his system's foundations
principia mathematica — 1910-1913, russell and whitehead, three volumes to save the dream
godel's incompleteness — 1931 theorems that quietly ended logicism's grand ambitions