the.com/concubine

A woman bound to a man without a wife's legal protections, her status and security entirely dependent on his favor.

means A woman who lives in a long-term sexual and domestic partnership with a man of higher status, without the legal rank or protections of a wife.

from From Latin concubina, built from com- ('together') and cubare ('to lie down'). So literally 'one who lies with' — a word that filed its subject under the bed rather than at the table. It entered English through Old French in the medieval period, already carrying the sense of a socially recognized but legally lesser partner, a status various cultures codified with far more precision than they ever codified her rights.

legal status
Recognized by law in many ancient societies, not shameful
china's version
Ranked officially, some outranked by the emperor's mother
etymology
Latin for sleeping together, bureaucratically blunt
modern echo
Word now used mostly as an insult, status lost
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