the.com/caliphate
A historical Islamic state led by a caliph, claimed as successor authority to the Prophet Muhammad.
means A political-religious state headed by a caliph, claimed to be the successor authority to the Prophet Muhammad over the Muslim community.
from From Arabic 'khalifah,' meaning 'successor' or 'deputy' — the title taken up by those who led the Muslim community after Muhammad's death, standing in for him rather than claiming prophethood themselves. The word traveled through French and Latin as 'caliphat' before settling into English, carrying with it centuries of empires (Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, Ottoman) that rose, fractured, and fell under the name.
- origin word
- khalifa means successor, not king
- first one
- followed Muhammad's death in 632 CE
- peak size
- stretched from Spain to India
- last official one
- abolished by Turkey in 1924