the.com/space shuttle

A spaceship so reusable it still cost more per flight than disposable rockets.

means A crewed spacecraft system designed to launch like a rocket, operate in orbit, and land like a glider, so it could be flown again on future missions.

from The 'shuttle' part comes from the weaving term for the device that zips back and forth across a loom, carrying thread between two fixed points — a 14th-century word rooted in Old English 'scytel' (dart, missile), itself tied to 'sceotan,' to shoot. That back-and-forth sense was later borrowed for trains and buses running fixed short routes, and NASA extended it again in the 1970s for a spacecraft meant to commute repeatedly between Earth and orbit rather than fly once and be discarded.

heat shield
ceramic tiles, each one unique, hand-fitted
fatal flights
2 of 135, Challenger and Columbia
fuel tank color
orange is literally unpainted insulation foam
retired
2011, replaced by capsules again
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