the.com/rosin

crystallized tree blood that grips violin strings and saves a pitcher's slipping fingers

means Rosin is the solid, brittle resin left after distilling the volatile oils out of pine sap, used to add grip to surfaces like bow hair, athletes' hands, and string instruments.

from Rosin is just "resin" with its vowels shuffled — both come from the Latin resina, the gummy stuff that weeps from trees, which passed through Old French into English. Somewhere along the way the spoken word wandered, and the same tree-sap term split into two: "resin" for the substance in general, and "rosin" for the hardened, purified form rubbed onto bows and fingers.

source
hardened resin left after distilling turpentine from pine
baseball legal
pitchers may use a rosin bag, batters too
violin grip
bow hair without it slides silently, no sound
gymnast hands
chalked rivals, used to lock grip on bars
soldering trick
flux cores in solder are often pine rosin
for instance

colophonium — solid form of pine resin used since ancient greece, still produced from pine trees in portugal and china

dark rosin — dark amber variety used by cellists and violists, made by heating pine resin to specific temperatures

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