the.com/pope

an elected absolute monarch who can't pass the throne to his kids

means the head of the Roman Catholic Church and bishop of Rome, regarded by Catholics as the spiritual successor to Saint Peter.

from From Greek 'pappas,' an affectionate child's word for father — the same coo behind 'papa' worldwide. It passed into Latin as 'papa,' a respectful title once shared by many bishops, before narrowing to the bishop of Rome alone. Old English borrowed it as 'pāpa,' which softened into 'pope.' So the most formal title in Christendom began as baby-talk for daddy.

job security
Most popes serve until death, no retirement
resignation rarity
Benedict XVI quit in 2013, first in 600 years
tiny realm
Rules the world's smallest country, 121 acres
white smoke
Chimney signals announce each new election
name change
Picks a fresh papal name on election day
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