the.com/leanto

half a roof, full commitment to not freezing tonight.

means A simple shelter or shed with a single-pitched roof that leans against a wall, tree, or other support for stability.

from Exactly what it sounds like: a structure that 'leans to' something else. English assembled it plainly from the verb 'lean' (from Old English 'hleonian,' to recline or rest against) and 'to,' giving a compound that names the building by the one thing keeping it upright. In use since at least the 18th century, often spelled 'lean-to' — a word that wears its construction on its sleeve.

one wall
It borrows a wall from whatever it leans on
survival staple
First shelter taught in most wilderness courses
slanted by design
Single sloped roof sheds rain and snow fast
older than houses
Predates permanent dwellings by tens of thousands of years
barn cousin
Often bolted onto bigger structures as cheap add-ons
for instance

great smoky mountains lean-tos — 37 shelters along appalachian trail in tennessee and north carolina, built by ccc in 1930s

adirondack lean-to shelters — 46 three-sided shelters maintained by dec across adirondack park in new york

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