the.com/laterite

Soil that rusted itself into rock, iron-rich and stubbornly permanent.

means A reddish, iron- and aluminium-rich soil/rock formed by intense weathering in hot, wet tropical climates, which hardens irreversibly when exposed to air.

from Coined in the early 1800s by a British geologist studying iron-rich clays in India, from Latin 'later' meaning 'brick' — because the soft, quarried stuff was cut into blocks that hardened in the sun and were literally used as bricks for building.

formation
tropical weathering leaches everything but iron and aluminum
color clue
red or orange from iron oxide saturation
ancient use
ankor wat partly built from cut laterite blocks
odd trait
hardens irreversibly once exposed to air
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